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Industry 4.0 and Business Models for Manufacturing Companies

What is Industry 4.0? It is a very new concept that originated in 2013 when the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology joined forces to fund an industrial upgrading concept that was developed under the advice and

Wireless HART Data Transmission Technology

Wireless HART uses a combination of frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) and direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) wireless transmission techniques to provide interference suppression (FHSS) and coding gain (DSSS), thus building a very powerful anti-interference handling

WirelessHART System Architecture and Device Types

WirelessHART core technology has been developed quite maturely over the years and is still being improved. Its flexibility and adaptability make it well suited for harsh industrial environments.WirelessHART devices fall into three main types: wireless field devices, adapters

Foundation Fieldbus Communication Protocols

The structure of the fieldbus communication entity is consistent with the concept specified in the ISO's OSI reference model, but there is an important difference in that the structure defined here includes only three layers instead of the seven layers in the ISO's OS

What is Fieldbus? The Concept of Fieldbus

According to the definition of IEC standard of International Electrotechnical Commission and Fieldbus Foundation FF: Fieldbus is a digital, bidirectional transmission, multi-branch structure communication network connecting intelligent field devices and automation systems.&nb